|
The Education Reform Act 1988 is widely regarded as the most important single piece of education legislation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland since the 'Butler' Education Act 1944. (Scottish education legislation is separate from that of the rest of the UK.) It also forms the basis for the United States' No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The main provisions of the Education Reform Act are as follows: * Academic tenure was abolished for academics appointed on or after 20 November 1987.〔''Times Higher Education'', 5 December 1997, (Memories of jobs for life )〕 * An element of choice was introduced, where parents could specify which school was their preferred choice. * City Technology Colleges (CTCs) were introduced. This part of the Act allowed new more autonomous schools to be taken out of the direct financial control of Local Authorities. Financial control would be handed to the head teacher and governors of a school. There was also a requirement for partial private funding. There were only 15 schools that were eventually set up. The successor to this programme was the establishment of Academies. * Controls on the use of the word 'degree' were introduced with respect to UK bodies. * Grant-maintained schools (GMS) were introduced. Primary and secondary schools could, under this provision, remove themselves fully from their respective local education authorities and would be completely funded by central government. Secondary schools also had limited selection powers at the age of 11. * 'Key Stages' (KS) were introduced in schools. At each key stage a number of educational objectives were to be achieved. * Local Management of Schools (LMS) was introduced. This part of the Act allowed all schools to be taken out of the direct financial control of local authorities. Financial control would be handed to the head teacher and governors of a school. * The National Curriculum (NC) was introduced. * Local Management of schools was introduces accordingly, with more power being granted to Heads and Governors in terms of how the school spends its money. ==Commencement== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Education Reform Act 1988」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|